Reserved Keywords

Not every SQL feature is implemented in Confluent Cloud for Apache Flink®️, but some string combinations are reserved as keywords for future use.

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For Flink SQL features and limitations in the preview program, see Notable Limitations in Public Preview.

If you want to use one of the following strings as a field name, enclose them with backticks, for example:

`value`
`count`

Index

A	B	C	D	E
F	G	H	I	J
K	L	M	N	O
P	Q	R	S	T
U	V	V	X	Y
Z

A

A	ABS	ABSOLUTE	ACTION	ADA
ADD	ADMIN	AFTER	ALL	ALLOCATE
ALLOW	ALTER	ALWAYS	AND	ANALYZE
ANY	ARE	ARRAY	AS	ASC
ASENSITIVE	ASSERTION	ASSIGNMENT	ASYMMETRIC	AT
ATOMIC	ATTRIBUTE	ATTRIBUTES	AUTHORIZATION	AVG

B

BEFORE	BEGIN	BERNOULLI	BETWEEN	BIGINT
BINARY	BIT	BLOB	BOOLEAN	BOTH
BREADTH	BY	BYTES

C

C	CALL	CALLED	CARDINALITY
CASCADE	CASCADED	CASE	CAST
CATALOG	CATALOG_NAME	CEIL	CEILING
CENTURY	CHAIN	CHAR	CHARACTER
CHARACTERISTICS	CHARACTERS	CHARACTER_LENGTH	CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG
CHARACTER_SET_NAME	CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA	CHAR_LENGTH	CHECK
CLASS_ORIGIN	CLOB	CLOSE	COALESCE
COBOL	COLLATE	COLLATION	COLLATION_CATALOG
COLLATION_NAME	COLLATION_SCHEMA	COLLECT	COLUMN
COLUMNS	COLUMN_NAME	COMMAND_FUNCTION	COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE
COMMIT	COMMITTED	CONDITION	CONDITION_NUMBER
CONNECT	CONNECTION	CONNECTION_NAME	CONSTRAINT
CONSTRAINTS	CONSTRAINT_CATALOG	CONSTRAINT_NAME	CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
CONSTRUCTOR	CONTAINS	CONTINUE	CONVERT
CORR	CORRESPONDING	COUNT	COVAR_POP
COVAR_SAMP	CREATE	CROSS	CUBE
CUME_DIST	CURRENT	CURRENT_CATALOG	CURRENT_DATE
CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP	CURRENT_PATH	CURRENT_ROLE	CURRENT_SCHEMA
CURRENT_TIME	CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE	CURRENT_USER
CURSOR	CURSOR_NAME	CYCLE

D

DATA	DATABASE	DATE	DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE
DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION	DAY	DEALLOCATE	DEC
DECADE	DECIMAL	DECLARE	DEFAULT
DEFAULTS	DEFERRABLE	DEFERRED	DEFINED
DEFINER	DEGREE	DELETE	DENSE_RANK
DEPTH	DEREF	DERIVED	DESC
DESCRIBE	DESCRIPTION	DESCRIPTOR	DETERMINISTIC
DIAGNOSTICS	DISALLOW	DISCONNECT	DISPATCH
DISTINCT	DOMAIN	DOUBLE	DOW
DOY	DROP	DYNAMIC	DYNAMIC_FUNCTION
DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE

E

EACH	ELEMENT	ELSE	END	END-EXEC
EPOCH	EQUALS	ESCAPE	EVERY	EXCEPT
EXCEPTION	EXCLUDE	EXCLUDING	EXEC	EXECUTE
EXISTS	EXP	EXPLAIN	EXTEND	EXTERNAL
EXTRACT

F

FALSE	FETCH	FILTER	FINAL	FIRST
FIRST_VALUE	FLOAT	FLOOR	FOLLOWING	FOR
FOREIGN	FORTRAN	FOUND	FRAC_SECOND	FREE
FROM	FULL	FUNCTION	FUSION

G

G	GENERAL	GENERATED	GET	GLOBAL
GO	GOTO	GRANT	GRANTED	GROUP
GROUPING

H

HAVING

HIERARCHY

HOLD

HOUR

I

IDENTITY	IMMEDIATE	IMPLEMENTATION	IMPORT	IN
INCLUDING	INCREMENT	INDICATOR	INITIALLY	INNER
INOUT	INPUT	INSENSITIVE	INSERT	INSTANCE
INSTANTIABLE	INT	INTEGER	INTERSECT	INTERSECTION
INTERVAL	INTO	INVOKER	IS	ISOLATION

J

JAVA

JOIN

K

K

KEY

KEY_MEMBER

KEY_TYPE

L

LABEL	LANGUAGE	LARGE	LAST	LAST_VALUE
LATERAL	LEADING	LEFT	LENGTH	LEVEL
LIBRARY	LIKE	LIMIT	LN	LOCAL
LOCALTIME	LOCALTIMESTAMP	LOCATOR	LOWER

M

M	MAP	MATCH	MATCHED	MAX
MAXVALUE	MEMBER	MERGE	MESSAGE_LENGTH	MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH
MESSAGE_TEXT	METHOD	MICROSECOND	MILLENNIUM	MIN
MINUTE	MINVALUE	MOD	MODIFIES	MODULE
MODULES	MONTH	MORE	MULTISET	MUMPS

N

NAME	NAMES	NATIONAL	NATURAL	NCHAR
NCLOB	NESTING	NEW	NEXT	NO
NONE	NORMALIZE	NORMALIZED	NOT	NULL
NULLABLE	NULLIF	NULLS	NUMBER	NUMERIC

O

OBJECT	OCTETS	OCTET_LENGTH	OF	OFFSET
OLD	ON	ONLY	OPEN	OPTION
OPTIONS	OR	ORDER	ORDERING	ORDINALITY
OTHERS	OUT	OUTER	OUTPUT	OVER
OVERLAPS	OVERLAY	OVERRIDING

P

PAD	PARAMETER	PARAMETER_MODE
PARAMETER_NAME	PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION	PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME	PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA	PARTIAL
PARTITION	PASCAL	PASSTHROUGH
PATH	PERCENTILE_CONT	PERCENTILE_DISC
PERCENT_RANK	PLACING	PLAN
PLI	POSITION	POWER
PRECEDING	PRECISION	PREPARE
PRESERVE	PRIMARY	PRIOR
PRIVILEGES	PROCEDURE	PUBLIC

Q

QUARTER

R

RANGE	RANK	RAW	READ
READS	REAL	RECURSIVE	REF
REFERENCES	REFERENCING	REGR_AVGX	REGR_AVGY
REGR_COUNT	REGR_INTERCEPT	REGR_R2	REGR_SLOPE
REGR_SXX	REGR_SXY	REGR_SYY	RELATIVE
RELEASE	REPEATABLE	RESET	RESTART
RESTRICT	RESULT	RETURN	RETURNED_CARDINALITY
RETURNED_LENGTH	RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH	RETURNED_SQLSTATE	RETURNS
REVOKE	RIGHT	ROLE	ROLLBACK
ROLLUP	ROUTINE	ROUTINE_CATALOG	ROUTINE_NAME
ROUTINE_SCHEMA	ROW	ROWS	ROW_COUNT
ROW_NUMBER

S

SAVEPOINT	SCALE	SCHEMA	SCHEMA_NAME
SCOPE	SCOPE_CATALOGS	SCOPE_NAME	SCOPE_SCHEMA
SCROLL	SEARCH	SECOND	SECTION
SECURITY	SELECT	SELF	SENSITIVE
SEQUENCE	SERIALIZABLE	SERVER	SERVER_NAME
SESSION	SESSION_USER	SET	SETS
SIMILAR	SIMPLE	SIZE	SMALLINT
SOME	SOURCE	SIZE	SMALLINT
SPACE	SPECIFIC	SPECIFICTYPE	SPECIFIC_NAME
SQL	SQLEXCEPTION	SQLSTATE	SQLWARNING
SQL_TSI_DAY	SQL_TSI_FRAC_SECOND	SQL_TSI_HOUR	SQL_TSI_MICROSECOND
SQL_TSI_MINUTE	SQL_TSI_MONTH	SQL_TSI_QUARTER	SQL_TSI_SECOND
SQL_TSI_WEEK	SQL_TSI_YEAR	SQRT	START
STATE	STATEMENT	STATIC	STATISTICS
STDDEV_POP	STDDEV_SAMP	STREAM	STRING
STRUCTURE	STYLE	SUBCLASS_ORIGIN	SUBMULTISET
SUBSTITUTE	SUBSTRING	SUM	SYMMETRIC
SYSTEM	SYSTEM_USER

T

TABLE	TABLESAMPLE	TABLE_NAME	TEMPORARY
THEN	TIES	TIME	TIMESTAMP
TIMESTAMPADD	TIMESTAMPDIFF	TIMEZONE_HOUR	TIMEZONE_MINUTE
TINYINT	TO	TOP_LEVEL_COUNT	TRAILING
TRANSACTION	TRANSACTIONS_ACTIVE	TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED	TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK
TRANSFORM	TRANSFORMS	TRANSLATE	TRANSLATION
TREAT	TRIGGER	TRIGGER_CATALOG	TRIGGER_NAME
TRIGGER_SCHEMA	TRIM	TRUE	TYPE

U

UESCAPE	UNBOUNDED	UNCOMMITTED	UNDER
UNION	UNIQUE	UNKNOWN	UNNAMED
UNNEST	UPDATE	UPPER	UPSERT
USAGE	USER	USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG	USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CODE
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME	USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA	USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG	USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CODE
USING

V

VALUE	VALUES	VARBINARY	VARCHAR	VARYING
VAR_POP	VAR_SAMP	VERSION	VIEW

W

WEEK	WHEN	WHENEVER	WHERE	WIDTH_BUCKET
WINDOW	WITH	WITHIN	WITHOUT	WORK
WRAPPER	WRITE

X

XML

Y

YEAR

Z

ZONE

Related content

• Statements in Confluent Cloud
• Flink SQL Queries in Confluent Cloud

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