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    CONFLUENT PLATFORM

    • Overview
    • Get Started
      • Platform Overview
      • Quick Start
      • Learn More About Confluent and Kafka
      • Tutorial: Set Up a Multi-Broker Cluster
      • Scripted Confluent Platform Demo
        • Overview
        • Deploy Confluent Platform Environment
        • Deploy Hybrid Confluent Platform and Cloud Environment
        • Troubleshoot and Stop the Demo
    • Install and Upgrade
      • Overview
      • System Requirements
      • Install Manually
        • ZIP and TAR
        • Ubuntu and Debian
        • RHEL, CentOS, Rocky, & Amazon Linux
        • Docker
          • Install
          • Configure
          • Image Reference
          • Security
          • Developer Guide
        • Configure Automatic Startup and Monitoring
      • Deploy with Ansible Playbooks
      • Deploy with Confluent for Kubernetes
      • License
      • Upgrade
        • Overview
        • Upgrade Procedure
      • Supported Versions and Interoperability
      • Installation Packages
      • Migrate to Confluent Platform
      • Migrate to and from Confluent Server
      • Migrate from ZooKeeper to KRaft
    • Build Client Applications
      • Overview
      • Configure Clients
        • Consumer
        • Producer
        • Schemas, Serializers, and Deserializers
        • Configuration Properties
      • Client Guides
        • Python
        • .NET Client
        • JavaScript Client
        • Go Client
        • C++ Client
        • Java Client
        • JMS Client
          • Overview
          • Development Guide
      • Client Examples
        • Overview
        • Python Client
        • .NET Client
        • JavaScript Client
        • Go Client
        • C++ Client
        • Java
        • Spring Boot
        • KafkaProducer
        • REST
        • Clojure
        • Groovy
        • Kafka Connect Datagen
        • kafkacat
        • Kotlin
        • Ruby
        • Rust
        • Scala
      • Kafka Client APIs for Confluent Platform
        • Python Client API
        • .NET Client API
        • JavaScript Client API
        • Go Client API
        • C++ Client API
        • Java Client API
        • JMS Client
          • Overview
          • Development Guide
      • Deprecated Client APIs
      • VS Code Extension
      • MQTT Proxy
        • Overview
        • Secure Communication
        • Configure
    • Confluent REST Proxy for Apache Kafka
      • Overview
      • Quick Start
      • API Reference
      • Production Deployment
        • Overview
        • Deploy REST Proxy for Confluent Server
          • Configure REST Admin APIs
          • Configure Security
        • Deploy a Standalone REST Proxy node
          • Overview
          • Configuration
          • Monitoring
          • Secure REST Proxy
      • REST Proxy Tutorial
      • Connect to Confluent Cloud
    • ksqlDB and Kafka Streams
      • Overview
      • ksqlDB
        • Overview
        • Quick Start
        • Install
        • Operate
        • Upgrade
        • Concepts
          • Overview
          • Kafka Primer
          • Connectors
          • Events
          • Functions
          • Lambda Functions
          • Materialized Views
          • Queries
          • Streams
          • Stream Processing
          • Tables
          • Time and Windows in ksqlDB Queries
        • How-to Guides
          • Overview
          • Control the Case of Identifiers
          • Convert a Changelog to a Table
          • Create a User-defined Function
          • Manage Connectors
          • Query Structured Data
          • Test an Application
          • Update a Running Persistent Query
          • Use Variables in SQL Statements
          • Use a Custom Timestamp Column
          • Use Lambda Functions
        • Develop Applications
          • Overview
          • Joins
            • Overview
            • Join Streams and Tables
            • Partition Data
            • Synthetic Keys
          • Reference
            • Overview
            • Aggregate Functions
            • ALTER SYSTEM
            • ASSERT SCHEMA
            • ASSERT TOPIC
            • CREATE CONNECTOR
            • CREATE STREAM AS SELECT
            • CREATE STREAM
            • CREATE TABLE AS SELECT
            • CREATE TABLE
            • CREATE TYPE
            • DEFINE
            • DESCRIBE CONNECTOR
            • DESCRIBE FUNCTION
            • DESCRIBE
            • DROP CONNECTOR
            • DROP STREAM
            • DROP TABLE
            • DROP TYPE
            • EXPLAIN
            • Functions
            • INSERT INTO
            • INSERT VALUES
            • Operators
            • PAUSE
            • PRINT
            • Quick Reference
            • RESULME
            • RUN SCRIPT
            • Scalar Functions
            • SELECT (Pull Query)
            • SELECT (Push Query)
            • SHOW CONNECTORS
            • SHOW FUNCTIONS
            • SHOW PROPERTIES
            • SHOW QUERIES
            • SHOW STREAMS
            • SHOW TABLES
            • SHOW TOPICS
            • SHOW TYPES
            • SHOW VARIABLES
            • SPOOL
            • Table Functions
            • TERMINATE
            • Type Coercion
            • UNDEFINE
          • REST API
            • Overview
            • REST API Reference
            • Cluster Status
            • Info
            • Is Valid Property
            • Run SQL statements
            • Query a Stream
            • Get statement status
            • Streaming API endpoint
            • Terminate a cluster
          • Java Client
        • Operate and Deploy
          • Overview
          • Installation
            • Overview
            • Install ksqlDB
            • Install with Docker containers
            • Check Server Health
            • Configure ksqlDB Server
            • Configure Security
            • Connect the CLI to a Server
            • Integrate with Schema Registry
            • Upgrade ksqlDB
            • Legacy Documentation
          • ksqlDB Architecture
          • Capacity Planning
          • Changelog
          • Processing Guarantees
          • High Availability
          • High Availability Pull Queries
          • KSQL versus ksqlDB
          • Logging
          • Manage Metadata Schemas
          • Monitoring
          • Performance Guidelines
          • Schema Inference With ID
          • Schema Inference
        • Reference
          • Overview
          • SQL
            • Overview
            • SQL Keywords and Operators
            • Use DDL to Structure Data
            • Data Types
            • Syntax and Lexical Structure
            • Time Units and Formats
          • Metrics
          • Migrations Tool
          • Processing Log
          • Serialization Formats
          • Server Configuration Parameters
          • User-defined functions (UDFs)
        • Run ksqlDB in Confluent Cloud
        • Connect Local ksqlDB to Confluent Cloud
        • Connect ksqlDB to Control Center
        • Secure ksqlDB with RBAC
        • Frequently Asked Questions
        • Troubleshoot
        • Tutorials and Examples
          • Overview
          • How-to Guides
            • Overview
            • Control the Case of Identifiers
            • Convert a Changelog to a Table
            • Create a User-defined Function
            • Manage Connectors
            • Query Structured Data
            • Test an Application
            • Update a Running Persistent Query
            • Use Variables in SQL Statements
            • Use a Custom Timestamp Column
            • Use Lambda Functions
          • Materialized View
          • Streaming ETL Pipeline
          • Event-Driven Microservice
          • Build Clickstream Data Analysis Pipeline
      • Kafka Streams
        • Overview
        • Streams API
        • Build a Streams Application
        • Tutorial: Streaming Application Development Basics on Confluent Platform
        • Connect Streams to Confluent Cloud
        • Concepts
        • Architecture
        • Examples
        • Developer Guide
          • Overview
          • Write a Streams Application
          • Configure
          • Run a Streams Application
          • Test
          • Domain Specific Language
          • Name Domain Specific Language Topologies
          • Optimize Topologies
          • Processor API
          • Data Types and Serialization
          • Interactive Queries
          • Memory
          • Manage Application Topics
          • Security
          • Reset Streams Applications
        • Build Pipeline with Connect and Streams
        • Operations
          • Plan and Size
          • Monitor
        • Upgrade
        • Frequently Asked Questions
        • Javadocs
    • Process Data With Flink
      • Overview
      • Get Started
      • Architecture and Features
        • Flink Concepts
        • Supported Features
        • Security
      • Get Help
    • Connect to External Systems
      • Overview
      • Get Started
      • Kafka Connect 101
      • Connectors
      • Confluent Hub
        • Overview
        • Component Archive Specification
        • Contribute
      • Connect on z/OS
      • Install
      • License
      • Supported
      • Preview
      • Configure
      • Monitor
      • Logging
      • Connect to Confluent Cloud
      • Developer Guide
      • Tutorial: Moving Data In and Out of Kafka
      • Reference
        • Kafka Connect Javadocs
        • REST interface
        • Kafka Connect Worker Configuration Properties for Confluent Platform
        • Connector Configuration Properties for Confluent Platform
      • Transform
      • Custom Transforms
      • Security
        • Kafka Connect Security Basics
        • Kafka Connect and RBAC
          • Get Started With RBAC and Kafka Connect
          • Configure RBAC for a Connect Cluster
          • Configure RBAC for a Connect Worker
          • RBAC for self-managed connectors
          • Connect Secret Registry
          • Example Connect role-binding sequence
        • Manage CSFLE in Confluent Cloud for Self-Managed Connectors
      • Design
      • Add Connectors and Software
      • Install Community Connectors
      • Upgrade
      • Troubleshoot
      • FileStream Connectors
      • FAQ
    • Manage Schema Registry and Govern Data Streams
      • Overview
      • Get Started with Schema Registry Tutorial
      • Install and Configure
        • Install
        • Configure Schema Registry
        • Configure Clients to Schema Registry
        • Deploy in Production
        • Deployment Architectures
        • Use Schema Registry to Migrate Schemas in Confluent Platform
      • Fundamentals
        • Key Concepts
        • Schema Evolution and Compatibility
        • Schema Formats
          • Serializers and Deserializers Overview
          • Avro
          • Protobuf
          • JSON Schema
        • Data Contracts
      • Manage Schemas
        • Overview
        • Schema Contexts
        • Link Schemas
        • Validate Schema IDs
        • Monitor
        • Delete Schemas
        • Integrate Schemas from Connectors
      • Security
        • Overview
        • Configure Role-Based Access Control
        • Configure OAuth
        • Schema Registry Security Plugin
          • Overview
          • Install
          • Schema Registry Authorization
            • Operation and Resource Support
            • Role-Based Access Control
            • ACL Authorizer
            • Topic ACL Authorizer
      • Reference
        • Overview
        • Maven Plugin
        • API
        • API Examples
      • FAQ
    • Manage Security
      • Overview
      • Deployment Profiles
      • Authenticate
        • Overview
        • Mutual TLS
          • Overview
          • Use Principal Mapping
        • OAuth/OIDC
          • Overview
          • Claim Validation for OAuth JWT tokens
          • OAuth/OIDC Service-to-Service Authentication
          • Configure Confluent Server Brokers
          • Configure Confluent Schema Registry
          • Configure Metadata Service
          • Configure Kafka Connect
          • Configure Confluent Control Center
          • Configure REST Proxy
          • Configure Truststores for TLS Handshake with Identity Providers
          • Migrate from mTLS to OAuth Authentication
        • Multi-Protocol Authentication
          • Overview
          • Use AuthenticationHandler Class
        • REST Proxy
          • Overview
        • SSO for Confluent Control Center
          • Overview
          • Configure OIDC SSO for Confluent Control Center
          • Configure OIDC SSO for Confluent CLI
          • Troubleshoot
        • HTTP Basic Authentication
          • Overview
        • SASL
          • Overview
          • SASL/GSSAPI (Kerberos)
            • Overview
          • SASL/OAUTHBEARER
            • Overview
            • Configure Confluent Server Brokers
            • Configure Clients
          • SASL/PLAIN
            • Overview
          • SASL/SCRAM
            • Overview
        • LDAP
          • Overview
          • Configure Kafka Clients
        • Delegation Tokens
          • Overview
      • Authorize
        • Overview
        • Access Control Lists
          • Overview
          • Manage ACLs
        • Role-Based Access Control
          • Overview
          • Quick Start
          • Example of Enabling RBAC
          • RBAC using REST API
          • Cluster Identifiers
          • Use Centralized ACLs with MDS for Authorization
          • Client Flow for OAuth-OIDC using RBAC
          • Deploy Secure ksqlDB with RBAC
          • Metadata API
          • Predefined RBAC Roles
          • Enable RBAC on Running Cluster
          • Migrate LDAP to OAuth for RBAC
        • LDAP Group-Based Authorization
          • Configure LDAP Group-Based Authorization
          • LDAP Configuration Reference
          • Tutorial: Group-Based Authorization Using LDAP
          • Configure Confluent Server Authorizer in Confluent Platform
      • Protect Data
        • Overview
        • Protect Data in Motion with TLS Encryption
        • Redact Confluent Logs
      • Secure Components
        • Overview
        • Confluent Control Center
          • Secure Confluent Control Center
            • Overview
            • Configure TLS
            • Configure SASL
            • Configure HTTP Basic Authentication
            • Configure LDAP
            • Configure RBAC
            • Authorize with Kafka ACLs
            • Manage and View RBAC Roles
              • Sign in to Control Center (Legacy) when RBAC enabled on Confluent Platform
              • Manage RBAC roles with Control Center (Legacy) on Confluent Platform
              • View your RBAC roles in Control Center (Legacy) on Confluent Platform
            • Add new Basic auth with c3++ Prometheus and Alertmanager
        • Schema Registry
        • Kafka Connect
          • Kafka Connect Security Basics
          • Kafka Connect and RBAC
            • Get Started With RBAC and Kafka Connect
            • Configure RBAC for a Connect Cluster
            • Configure RBAC for a Connect Worker
            • RBAC for self-managed connectors
            • Connect Secret Registry
            • Example Connect role-binding sequence
          • Manage CSFLE in Confluent Cloud for Self-Managed Connectors
        • KRaft Security
        • ksqlDB RBAC
        • REST Proxy
          • Deploy Secure Standalone REST Proxy in Confluent Platform
          • REST Proxy Security Plugins in Confluent Platform
        • ZooKeeper
      • Compliance
        • Overview
        • Audit Logs
          • Audit Logs Concepts
          • Auditable Events
          • Configure Audit Logs Using Confluent CLI
          • Configure MDS to Manage Centralized Audit Logs
          • MDS API Audit Log Configuration
          • Use Properties Files to Configure Audit Logs in Confluent Platform
        • Manage Secrets
          • Overview
          • Tutorial: Protect Secrets
      • Configure Security Properties using Prefixes
      • Add Security to Running Clusters
      • Enable Security for a ZooKeeper-Based Cluster
      • Configure Confluent Server Authorizer
      • Security Management Tools
        • Ansible Playbooks for Confluent Platform
        • Deploy Secure Confluent Platform Docker Images
      • Cluster Registry
    • Deploy Confluent Platform in a Multi-Datacenter Environment
      • Overview
      • Multi-Data Center Architectures on Confluent Platform
      • Cluster Linking on Confluent Platform
        • Overview
        • Tutorials
          • Share Data Across Topics
          • Link Hybrid Cloud and Bridge-to-Cloud Clusters
          • Migrate Data
        • Manage
          • Manage Mirror Topics
          • Configure
          • Command Reference
          • Monitor
          • Security
        • FAQ
        • Troubleshooting
      • Multi-Region Clusters on Confluent Platform
        • Overview
        • Tutorial: Multi-Region Clusters
        • Tutorial: Move Active-Passive to Multi-Region
      • Replicate Topics Across Kafka Clusters in Confluent Platform
        • Overview
        • Example: Active-active Multi-Datacenter
        • Tutorial: Replicate Data Across Clusters
        • Tutorial: Run as an Executable or Connector
        • Configure
        • Verify Configuration
        • Tune
        • Monitor
        • Configure for Cross-Cluster Failover
        • Migrate from MirrorMaker to Replicator
        • Replicator Schema Translation Example for Confluent Platform
    • Configure and Manage
      • Overview
      • Configuration Reference
        • Overview
        • Configure Brokers and Controllers
        • Configure Topics
        • Configure Consumers
        • Configure Producers
        • Configure Connect
          • Overview
          • Configure Sink Connectors
          • Configure Source Connectors
        • Configure AdminClient
        • Configure Licenses
        • Configure Streams
      • Control Center
        • Overview
        • Manage
          • Overview
          • Configuration Examples
          • Configuration Reference
          • Manage Licenses
          • Monitor
          • Manage Logs
          • Manage Updates
          • Upgrade
          • Troubleshoot
          • Connect to Cloud
          • Install on Apache Kafka
        • Manage Clusters
        • Manage Brokers
        • Manage Topics
          • Overview
          • Create Topics
          • Topic Metrics
          • View Messages
          • Configure Topics
          • Delete Topics
        • Connect
        • ksqlDB
        • Consumers
        • Copy Topics
        • Alerts
          • Overview
          • Manage Alerts
          • Configure Alerts
          • Manage Triggers
          • Manage Actions
          • Configure PagerDuty
          • REST API
          • Usage Examples
          • Troubleshoot
      • CLI Tools for Use with Confluent Platform
        • Bundled CLI Tools
        • Confluent CLI
        • Generate Diagnostics
        • kcat (formerly kafkacat) Utility
      • Change Configurations Without Restart
      • Manage Clusters
        • Overview
        • Cluster Metadata Management
          • Overview
          • KRaft Overview
          • Configure KRaft
          • Configure ZooKeeper
        • Manage Self-Balancing Clusters
          • Overview
          • Quick Start
          • Tutorial: Adding and Remove Brokers
          • Configure
          • Performance and Resource Usage
        • Auto Data Balancing
          • Overview
          • Quick Start
          • Tutorial: Add and Remove Brokers
          • Configure
        • Tiered Storage in Confluent Platform
      • Metadata Service (MDS) in Confluent Platform
        • Configure MDS
        • Configure Communication with MDS over TLS
        • Configure mTLS Authentication and RBAC for Kafka Brokers
        • Configure Kerberos Authentication for Brokers Running MDS
        • Configure LDAP Authentication
        • Configure LDAP Group-Based Authorization for MDS
        • MDS as token issuer
        • Metadata Service Configuration Settings
        • MDS File-Based Authentication for Confluent Platform
      • Docker Operations for Confluent Platform
        • Overview
        • Monitor and Track Metrics Using JMX
        • Configure Logs
        • Mount External Volumes
        • Configure a Multi-Node Environment
      • Run Kafka in Production
      • Production Best Practices
    • Monitor
      • Logging
      • Monitor with JMX
      • Monitor with Metrics Reporter
      • Monitor Consumer Lag
    • Monitor with Health+
      • Overview
      • Enable
      • Intelligent Alerts
      • Monitor Using Dashboard
      • Configure Telemetry Reporter
      • Telemetry Reporter Metrics Reference
      • FAQ
    • Confluent CLI
    • Release Notes
      • Release Notes
      • Changelogs
    • APIs and Javadocs for Confluent Platform
      • Overview
      • Kafka API and Javadocs for Confluent Platform
        • Kafka Java Client APIs
        • Kafka Producer Java API
        • Kafka Consumer Java API
        • Kafka AdminClient Java API
        • Kafka Common Java API
        • Kafka Streams Java API
        • Kafka Connect Java API
      • Client APIs
        • Python Client API
        • .NET Client API
        • JavaScript Client API
        • Go Client API
        • C++ Client API
        • Java Client API
        • JMS Client
          • Overview
          • Development Guide
      • Confluent APIs for Confluent Platform
        • Overview
        • Confluent REST Proxy API
          • Overview
          • Quick Start
          • API Reference
          • Production Deployment
            • Overview
            • Deploy REST Proxy for Confluent Server
              • Configure REST Admin APIs
              • Configure Security
            • Deploy a Standalone REST Proxy node
              • Overview
              • Configuration
              • Monitoring
              • Secure REST Proxy
          • REST Proxy Tutorial
          • Connect to Confluent Cloud
        • Connect REST API
        • ksqlDB REST API
        • Metadata API
        • Schema Registry API
    • Glossary
    Table of contents

    CONFLUENT PLATFORM

    • Overview
    • Get Started
      • Platform Overview
      • Quick Start
      • Learn More About Confluent and Kafka
      • Tutorial: Set Up a Multi-Broker Cluster
      • Scripted Confluent Platform Demo
        • Overview
        • Deploy Confluent Platform Environment
        • Deploy Hybrid Confluent Platform and Cloud Environment
        • Troubleshoot and Stop the Demo
    • Install and Upgrade
      • Overview
      • System Requirements
      • Install Manually
        • ZIP and TAR
        • Ubuntu and Debian
        • RHEL, CentOS, Rocky, & Amazon Linux
        • Docker
          • Install
          • Configure
          • Image Reference
          • Security
          • Developer Guide
        • Configure Automatic Startup and Monitoring
      • Deploy with Ansible Playbooks
      • Deploy with Confluent for Kubernetes
      • License
      • Upgrade
        • Overview
        • Upgrade Procedure
      • Supported Versions and Interoperability
      • Installation Packages
      • Migrate to Confluent Platform
      • Migrate to and from Confluent Server
      • Migrate from ZooKeeper to KRaft
    • Build Client Applications
      • Overview
      • Configure Clients
        • Consumer
        • Producer
        • Schemas, Serializers, and Deserializers
        • Configuration Properties
      • Client Guides
        • Python
        • .NET Client
        • JavaScript Client
        • Go Client
        • C++ Client
        • Java Client
        • JMS Client
          • Overview
          • Development Guide
      • Client Examples
        • Overview
        • Python Client
        • .NET Client
        • JavaScript Client
        • Go Client
        • C++ Client
        • Java
        • Spring Boot
        • KafkaProducer
        • REST
        • Clojure
        • Groovy
        • Kafka Connect Datagen
        • kafkacat
        • Kotlin
        • Ruby
        • Rust
        • Scala
      • Kafka Client APIs for Confluent Platform
        • Python Client API
        • .NET Client API
        • JavaScript Client API
        • Go Client API
        • C++ Client API
        • Java Client API
        • JMS Client
          • Overview
          • Development Guide
      • Deprecated Client APIs
      • VS Code Extension
      • MQTT Proxy
        • Overview
        • Secure Communication
        • Configure
    • Confluent REST Proxy for Apache Kafka
      • Overview
      • Quick Start
      • API Reference
      • Production Deployment
        • Overview
        • Deploy REST Proxy for Confluent Server
          • Configure REST Admin APIs
          • Configure Security
        • Deploy a Standalone REST Proxy node
          • Overview
          • Configuration
          • Monitoring
          • Secure REST Proxy
      • REST Proxy Tutorial
      • Connect to Confluent Cloud
    • ksqlDB and Kafka Streams
      • Overview
      • ksqlDB
        • Overview
        • Quick Start
        • Install
        • Operate
        • Upgrade
        • Concepts
          • Overview
          • Kafka Primer
          • Connectors
          • Events
          • Functions
          • Lambda Functions
          • Materialized Views
          • Queries
          • Streams
          • Stream Processing
          • Tables
          • Time and Windows in ksqlDB Queries
        • How-to Guides
          • Overview
          • Control the Case of Identifiers
          • Convert a Changelog to a Table
          • Create a User-defined Function
          • Manage Connectors
          • Query Structured Data
          • Test an Application
          • Update a Running Persistent Query
          • Use Variables in SQL Statements
          • Use a Custom Timestamp Column
          • Use Lambda Functions
        • Develop Applications
          • Overview
          • Joins
            • Overview
            • Join Streams and Tables
            • Partition Data
            • Synthetic Keys
          • Reference
            • Overview
            • Aggregate Functions
            • ALTER SYSTEM
            • ASSERT SCHEMA
            • ASSERT TOPIC
            • CREATE CONNECTOR
            • CREATE STREAM AS SELECT
            • CREATE STREAM
            • CREATE TABLE AS SELECT
            • CREATE TABLE
            • CREATE TYPE
            • DEFINE
            • DESCRIBE CONNECTOR
            • DESCRIBE FUNCTION
            • DESCRIBE
            • DROP CONNECTOR
            • DROP STREAM
            • DROP TABLE
            • DROP TYPE
            • EXPLAIN
            • Functions
            • INSERT INTO
            • INSERT VALUES
            • Operators
            • PAUSE
            • PRINT
            • Quick Reference
            • RESULME
            • RUN SCRIPT
            • Scalar Functions
            • SELECT (Pull Query)
            • SELECT (Push Query)
            • SHOW CONNECTORS
            • SHOW FUNCTIONS
            • SHOW PROPERTIES
            • SHOW QUERIES
            • SHOW STREAMS
            • SHOW TABLES
            • SHOW TOPICS
            • SHOW TYPES
            • SHOW VARIABLES
            • SPOOL
            • Table Functions
            • TERMINATE
            • Type Coercion
            • UNDEFINE
          • REST API
            • Overview
            • REST API Reference
            • Cluster Status
            • Info
            • Is Valid Property
            • Run SQL statements
            • Query a Stream
            • Get statement status
            • Streaming API endpoint
            • Terminate a cluster
          • Java Client
        • Operate and Deploy
          • Overview
          • Installation
            • Overview
            • Install ksqlDB
            • Install with Docker containers
            • Check Server Health
            • Configure ksqlDB Server
            • Configure Security
            • Connect the CLI to a Server
            • Integrate with Schema Registry
            • Upgrade ksqlDB
            • Legacy Documentation
          • ksqlDB Architecture
          • Capacity Planning
          • Changelog
          • Processing Guarantees
          • High Availability
          • High Availability Pull Queries
          • KSQL versus ksqlDB
          • Logging
          • Manage Metadata Schemas
          • Monitoring
          • Performance Guidelines
          • Schema Inference With ID
          • Schema Inference
        • Reference
          • Overview
          • SQL
            • Overview
            • SQL Keywords and Operators
            • Use DDL to Structure Data
            • Data Types
            • Syntax and Lexical Structure
            • Time Units and Formats
          • Metrics
          • Migrations Tool
          • Processing Log
          • Serialization Formats
          • Server Configuration Parameters
          • User-defined functions (UDFs)
        • Run ksqlDB in Confluent Cloud
        • Connect Local ksqlDB to Confluent Cloud
        • Connect ksqlDB to Control Center
        • Secure ksqlDB with RBAC
        • Frequently Asked Questions
        • Troubleshoot
        • Tutorials and Examples
          • Overview
          • How-to Guides
            • Overview
            • Control the Case of Identifiers
            • Convert a Changelog to a Table
            • Create a User-defined Function
            • Manage Connectors
            • Query Structured Data
            • Test an Application
            • Update a Running Persistent Query
            • Use Variables in SQL Statements
            • Use a Custom Timestamp Column
            • Use Lambda Functions
          • Materialized View
          • Streaming ETL Pipeline
          • Event-Driven Microservice
          • Build Clickstream Data Analysis Pipeline
      • Kafka Streams
        • Overview
        • Streams API
        • Build a Streams Application
        • Tutorial: Streaming Application Development Basics on Confluent Platform
        • Connect Streams to Confluent Cloud
        • Concepts
        • Architecture
        • Examples
        • Developer Guide
          • Overview
          • Write a Streams Application
          • Configure
          • Run a Streams Application
          • Test
          • Domain Specific Language
          • Name Domain Specific Language Topologies
          • Optimize Topologies
          • Processor API
          • Data Types and Serialization
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    Ask the community Confluent Support Portal Last published: Jun 08, 2026
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