Install Confluent Platform using Systemd on Ubuntu and Debian

This topic provides instructions for installing a production-ready Confluent Platform configuration in a multi-node Ubuntu or Debian environment with a replicated ZooKeeper ensemble.

With this installation method, you connect to every node manually to run the Confluent Platform installation commands.

Looking for a fully managed cloud-native service for Apache Kafka®?

Sign up for Confluent Cloud and get started for free using the Cloud quick start.

Prerequisites

  • You must complete these steps for each node in your cluster.
  • Before installing Confluent Platform, your environment must meet the prerequisites as described in software and hardware requirements.

Get the software

The APT repositories provide packages for Debian-based Linux distributions such as Debian and Ubuntu. You can install individual Confluent Platform packages or the entire platform. For a list of available packages, see the documentation or you can search the repository (apt-cache search <package-name>).

Tip

You can install the entire platform or the individual component packages. For a listing of packages, see Confluent Platform Packages.

  1. Install the Confluent public key. This key is used to sign the packages in the APT repository.

    wget -qO - https://packages.confluent.io/deb/7.4/archive.key | sudo apt-key add -

  2. Add the repository to your /etc/apt/sources.list by running this command:

    Attention

    After Confluent Platform 8.0, the librdkafka, Avro, and libserdes C/C++ client packages will NOT be available from the https://packages.confluent.io/deb location. You will need to obtain those client packages from https://packages.confluent.io/clients after the Confluent Platform 8.0 release.

    For the clients repository, you must obtain your Debian distribution’s release “Code Name”, such as buster, focal, etc. You can do this by calling lsb_release -cs. The following example makes this call with $(lsb_release -cs), which should work in most cases. If it does not, you must pick the closest Debian or Ubuntu code name for your Debian Linux distribution that matches the supported Debian & Ubuntu Operating Systems supported by Confluent Platform.

    sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.confluent.io/deb/7.4 stable main"
sudo add-apt-repository "deb https://packages.confluent.io/clients/deb $(lsb_release -cs) main"

  3. Update apt-get and install the entire Confluent Platform platform.

    • Confluent Platform:

      sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install confluent-platform

    • Confluent Platform with RBAC:

      sudo apt-get update && \
sudo apt-get install confluent-platform && \
sudo apt-get install confluent-security

    • Confluent Platform using only Confluent Community components:

      sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install confluent-community-2.13

Optionally configure CONFLUENT_HOME

To more easily use the Confluent CLI and additional Confluent tools, you can optionally configure the CONFLUENT_HOME variable and add the Confluent Platform bin folder to the path.

  1. Set the environment variable for the Confluent Platform home directory.

    export CONFLUENT_HOME=<The directory where Confluent is installed>

  2. Add the Confluent Platform bin directory to your PATH

    export PATH=$PATH:$CONFLUENT_HOME/bin

  3. Test that you set the CONFLUENT_HOME variable correctly by running the confluent command:

    confluent --help

    Your output should show the available commands for managing Confluent Platform.

Configure Confluent Platform

Tip

You can store passwords and other configuration data securely by using the confluent secret commands. For more information, see Secrets Management.

Configure Confluent Platform with the individual component properties files. By default these are located in <path-to-confluent>/etc/. You must minimally configure the following components.

ZooKeeper

These instructions assume you are running ZooKeeper in replicated mode. A minimum of three servers are required for replicated mode, and you must have an odd number of servers for failover. For more information, see the ZooKeeper documentation.

  1. Navigate to the ZooKeeper properties file (/etc/kafka/zookeeper.properties) file and modify as shown.

    tickTime=2000
dataDir=/var/lib/zookeeper/
clientPort=2181
initLimit=5
syncLimit=2
server.1=zoo1:2888:3888
server.2=zoo2:2888:3888
server.3=zoo3:2888:3888
autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
autopurge.purgeInterval=24

    This configuration is for a three node ensemble. This configuration file should be identical across all nodes in the ensemble. tickTime, dataDir, and clientPort are all set to typical single server values. The initLimit and syncLimit govern how long following ZooKeeper servers can take to initialize with the current leader and how long they can be out of sync with the leader. In this configuration, a follower can take 10000 ms to initialize and can be out of sync for up to 4000 ms based on the tickTime being set to 2000ms.

    The server.* properties set the ensemble membership. The format is

    server.<myid>=<hostname>:<leaderport>:<electionport>
    • myid is the server identification number. There are three servers that each have a different myid with values 1, 2, and 3 respectively. The myid is set by creating a file named myid in the dataDir that contains a single integer in human readable ASCII text. This value must match one of the myid values from the configuration file. You will see an error if another ensemble member is already started with a conflicting myid value.
    • leaderport is used by followers to connect to the active leader. This port should be open between all ZooKeeper ensemble members.
    • electionport is used to perform leader elections between ensemble members. This port should be open between all ZooKeeper ensemble members.

    The autopurge.snapRetainCount and autopurge.purgeInterval have been set to purge all but three snapshots every 24 hours.

  2. Navigate to the ZooKeeper log directory (e.g., /var/lib/zookeeper/) and create a file named myid. The myid file consists of a single line that contains the machine ID in the format <machine-id>. When the ZooKeeper server starts up, it knows which server it is by referencing the myid file. For example, server 1 will have a myid value of 1.

Kafka

In a production environment, multiple brokers are required.

ZooKeeper mode

During startup in ZooKeeper mode, brokers register themselves in ZooKeeper to become a member of the cluster.

To configure brokers, navigate to the Apache Kafka® properties file (/etc/kafka/server.properties) and customize the following:

  • Connect to the same ZooKeeper ensemble by setting the zookeeper.connect in all nodes to the same value. Replace all instances of localhost to the hostname or FQDN (fully qualified domain name) of your node. For example, if your hostname is zookeeper:

    zookeeper.connect=zookeeper:2181

  • Configure the broker IDs for each node in your cluster using one of these methods.

    • Dynamically generate the broker IDs: add broker.id.generation.enable=true and comment out broker.id. For example:

      ############################# Server Basics #############################

# The ID of the broker. This must be set to a unique integer for each broker.
#broker.id=0
broker.id.generation.enable=true

    • Manually set the broker IDs: set a unique value for broker.id on each node.

  • Configure how other brokers and clients communicate with the broker using listeners, and optionally advertised.listeners.

    • listeners: Comma-separated list of URIs and listener names to listen on.
    • advertised.listeners: Comma-separated list of URIs and listener names for other brokers and clients to use. The advertised.listeners parameter ensures that the broker advertises an address that is accessible from both local and external hosts.

    For more information, see Production Configuration Options.

  • Configure security for your environment.

KRaft mode

For KRaft mode, you must configure a node to be a broker or a controller. Navigate to the Kafka properties file for KRaft (find example KRaft configuration files under /etc/kafka/kraft/) and customize the following:

  • Configure the process.roles, node.id and controller.quorum.voters for each node. Typically in a production environment, you should have a minimum of three brokers and three controllers.

    • For process.roles, set whether the node will be a broker or a controller. combined mode, meaning process.roles is set to broker,controller, is currently not supported for production workloads.

    • Set a system-wide unique ID for the node.id.

    • controller.quorum.voters should be a comma-separated list of controllers in the format nodeID@hostname:port

      ############################# Server Basics #############################

# The role of this server. Setting this puts us in KRaft mode
process.roles=broker

# The node id associated with this instance's roles
node.id=2

# The connect string for the controller quorum
controller.quorum.voters=1@controller1:9093,3@controller3:9093,5@controller5:9093

  • Configure how brokers and clients communicate with the broker using listeners, and where controllers listen with controller.listener.names.

    • listeners: Comma-separated list of URIs and listener names to listen on in the format listener_name://host_name:port
    • controller.listener.names: Comma-separated list of listener_name entries for listeners used by the controller.

    For more information, see Production Configuration Options.

  • Configure security for your environment.

Control Center

  1. Navigate to the Control Center properties file (/etc/confluent-control-center/control-center-production.properties) and customize the following:

    # host/port pairs to use for establishing the initial connection to the Kafka cluster
bootstrap.servers=<hostname1:port1,hostname2:port2,hostname3:port3,...>
# location for Control Center data
confluent.controlcenter.data.dir=/var/lib/confluent/control-center
# the Confluent license
confluent.license=<your-confluent-license>

  2. If running any clusters in ZooKeeper mode, configure ZooKeeper.

      # ZooKeeper connection string with host and port of a ZooKeeper servers
  zookeeper.connect=<hostname1:port1,hostname2:port2,hostname3:port3,...>

This configuration is for a three node multi-node cluster. For more information, see :ref:`Control Center configuration details <controlcenter_configuration>`. For information about |cp| licenses, see :ref:`controlcenter_licenses`.

  3. Navigate to the Kafka server configuration file (/etc/kafka/server.properties) and enable Confluent Metrics Reporter.

    ##################### Confluent Metrics Reporter #######################
# Confluent Control Center and Confluent Auto Data Balancer integration
#
# Uncomment the following lines to publish monitoring data for
# Confluent Control Center and Confluent Auto Data Balancer
# If you are using a dedicated metrics cluster, also adjust the settings
# to point to your metrics Kafka cluster.
metric.reporters=io.confluent.metrics.reporter.ConfluentMetricsReporter
confluent.metrics.reporter.bootstrap.servers=localhost:9092
#
# Uncomment the following line if the metrics cluster has a single broker
confluent.metrics.reporter.topic.replicas=1

  4. Add these lines to the Kafka Connect properties file (/etc/kafka/connect-distributed.properties) to add support for the interceptors.

    # Interceptor setup
consumer.interceptor.classes=io.confluent.monitoring.clients.interceptor.MonitoringConsumerInterceptor
producer.interceptor.classes=io.confluent.monitoring.clients.interceptor.MonitoringProducerInterceptor

Schema Registry

Navigate to the Schema Registry properties file (/etc/schema-registry/schema-registry.properties) and specify the following properties:

# Specify the address the socket server listens on, e.g. listeners = PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092
listeners=http://0.0.0.0:8081

# The host name advertised in ZooKeeper. This must be specified if your running Schema Registry
# with multiple nodes.
host.name=192.168.50.1

# List of Kafka brokers to connect to, e.g. PLAINTEXT://hostname:9092,SSL://hostname2:9092
kafkastore.bootstrap.servers=PLAINTEXT://hostname:9092,SSL://hostname2:9092

This configuration is for a three node multi-node cluster. For more information, see Running Schema Registry in Production.

Start Confluent Platform

Start Confluent Platform and its components using systemd service unit files. You can start immediately by using the systemctl start command or enable for automatic startup by using the systemctl enable command. These instructions use the syntax for immediate startup.

Tip

In ZooKeeper mode, ZooKeeper must be started first. Kafka, and Schema Registry must be started in this order, and must be started after ZooKeeper, if you are using it, and before any other components.

  1. For ZooKeeper mode, start ZooKeeper. For KRaft mode, skip to step 2.

    sudo systemctl start confluent-zookeeper

  2. Start Kafka.

    • Confluent Platform:

      sudo systemctl start confluent-server

    • Confluent Platform using only Confluent Community components:

      sudo systemctl start confluent-kafka

  3. Start Schema Registry.

    sudo systemctl start confluent-schema-registry

  4. Start other Confluent Platform components as desired.

    • Control Center

      sudo systemctl start confluent-control-center

    • Kafka Connect

      sudo systemctl start confluent-kafka-connect

    • Confluent REST Proxy

      sudo systemctl start confluent-kafka-rest

    • ksqlDB

      sudo systemctl start confluent-ksqldb

Tip

You can check service status with this command: systemctl status confluent*. For more information about the systemd service unit files, see Use Confluent Platform systemd Service Unit Files.

Uninstall

Run this command to remove Confluent Platform, where <component-name> is either confluent-platform (Confluent Platform) or confluent-community-2.13 (Confluent Platform using only Confluent Community components).

sudo apt-get remove <component-name>

For example, run this command to remove Confluent Platform:

sudo apt-get remove confluent-platform

Related content